“KIRIM TATAR ŞARKILARI”NIN DİL-TARİHSEL AÇIDAN FONOLOJİK PERSPEKTİFİ
(PHONOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE OF THE “CRIMEAN TATAR SONGS” FROM THE POINT OF LANGUAGE HISTORY
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Yazar
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Doç. Dr. Mehmet Turgut Berbercan
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Türü |
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Telif
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Baskı Yılı |
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2014
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Sayı |
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3
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Sayfa |
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99-111
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Özet
Tatar edebiyatının folklorik mahsullerinden olan şarkılar (maniler, cırlar), I. Dünya Savaşı esnasında Macar Türkolog Ignac Kunos tarafından Macaristan ve Çekoslovakya kamplarında tutulan esir Tatarlardan derlenmiş ancak Kunos’un 1945’te ölümü sebebiyle yayımlanma fırsatı bulamamıştı. Önemli birer folklor ve filoloji malzemesi olan bu şarkılar, Zsuzka Kakuk tarafından 1970’li ve 1980’li yıllarda yapılan çalışmalar vasıtasıyla tanıtılmış, Türkiye’de Türk Dil Kurumunca (TDK) basılan “Kırım Tatar Şarkıları” başlıklı kitap ile tanınma imkanı bulmuştu. Bu çalışmada, dil araştırmaları için zengin bir malzemeyi bünyesinde barındıran Tatar şarkılarının filolojik bir bakış açısıyla dil tarihsel yönden fonolojik bir analizi yapılmış; ses hadiseleri, ses değişmeleri, Türkiye Türkçesindeki benzer kullanımlarla beraber şarkılarda rastlanan fonolojik özellikler ana hatlarıyla ortaya konmuştur.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kırım, Tatar, şarkılar, fonoloji, dil tarihi
Abstract
The songs being the folkloric products of the Tatar literature (manis & cırs) were compiled by Magyar Turkologist Ignac Kunos during the World War I in the captive camps from the captive Tatars in Hungary and Czechoslovakia but these songs could not be published because of the death of Kunos in 1945. The songs which are important output in terms of folklor and philology are introduced by Zsuzka Kakuk in the works prepared in 1970’s & 1980’s. Additionally, these works found the reputation chance via the book titled as “Kırım Tatar Şarkıları (Crimean Tatar Songs)” in Turkey by courtesy of the publication of the Turkish Language Institute (TDK). In this work, an analyse is made on the phonological perspective of the Tatar songs having rich materials for the language research with a philological view from the point of language history. The guidelines of the phonological features of the songs, e.g. sound events, sound-changings, are presented comparatively with the same usages found in Standard Turkey Turkish. Kakuk’s book which was published by TDK is used as base in the work. Also the spellings of the words in Latin script in the book are acknowledged as essential. The sound valuations of the examples are given in this work are arranged according to the notations of the book. The determinations on phonological specialities are examined in two categories: vocals and consonants, in addition the sub-categories are given related to these two categories. For instance, the sound events about the vocals are examined in the vocal category, the sound events about the consonants are examined in the consonant category. The original specialities are emphasised in terms of language history together with the points exemplifying on the development of the Turkish language in the periods of the history.
Keywords
Crimean, Tatar, songs, phonology, language history